HIV disease can cause loss of Body Cell Mass (BCM), which is composed of lean muscle and organ tissues. Opportunistic infections and wasting syndrome can cause rapid loss of these tissues, which are necessary for life. Sometimes poorly tolerated medication regimens can cause loss of weight and lean tissue. It is believed that individuals who regularly have BCM measured and maintain an adequate amount of BCM have increased chances of survival.
L-Glutamine received much attention at the last World AIDS Conference, where it was presented as a nutrition supplement that can exhibit a measurable and beneficial effect on body weight and BCM. L-Glutamine is a protein and the most abundant amino acid in lean muscle, so it makes sense that supplementing with this specific protein will support lean tissue gain. It further decreases the loss of muscle tissue in cases where the body may be demanding additional L-Glutamine for metabolic processes besides maintenance of lean tissue.
As a product, L-Glutamine is a white powder to be mixed with water, juice, or milk. Different studies have used varying dosages beneficially, so specific doses are not known. The smallest dose, five grams per day, may help some individuals gain and maintain weight. Higher doses may also help in resolving unexplained diarrhea not related to a specific pathogen or medication side effect.
Since L-Glutamine may help reverse wasting by promoting weight and lean tissue gain, it may be a useful routine supplement for individuals faced with unintentional weight loss.
BCM testing and nutrition counseling for HIV are available free through ASA’s nutritionist, Mary Miller, RD (406-6140). Individual nutrition consulting is also offered through StatScript Pharmacy (451-7100).
This article appears in March 10 • 2000.